Sugarcane planting methods pdf

Sugar cane is in the same family as grass, and grows in the form of tall, narrow stalks, or canes. In the united states, sugarcane is grown commercially. Planting is the most important and labour intensive operation in sugarcane cultivation. Methods for cultivation and processing of sugarcane.

Sugarcane, saccharum officinarum, perennial grass of the family poaceae, primarily cultivated for its juice from which sugar is processed. Other products of the processing include bagasse, molasses, and filtercake. Moreover, choice of sugarcane varieties, planting methods and distance, time of planting, methods of irrigation and frequency of irrigations required, fertilizer management and integrated weed, insectpest and disease management are critical. Sugarcane harvest in the fields using ring pit method of cultivation background and objectives india is worlds second largest producer of sugarcane with sugarcane being cultivated in 4.

This is the point where the required inputs such as gypsum and organic materials are worked into the soil and a start is made with the leaching programme. The main production of sugarcane is sucrose, which accumulates in the stalk internodes. Generally 3 budded setts are used to plant in the end to end planting system. The earliest mention of sugarcane cultivation is found in indian writings of the period 1400 to b.

Whichever of the sugarcane propagation methods you choose, select a large planting space in full sun and work the soil deeply to accommodate the extensive root system. Second edition published 2004 by blackwell science ltd. Planting method and timing effects on sugarcane yield. Mar 04, 2016 there are some methods of planting in sugarcane cultivation are available. The native method of sowing sugarcane is to plough the land some three to five times, the plough going round and round the field and forming a fine seedbed about 10 to 15 cm deep. Sugarcane plant propagation through setts needs a special planting method. Sugarcane is propagated primarily by the planting of cuttings.

Varieties co 6806, co 7219, co 7717, co 8208, co 85004, co 85019, co 86032 and coc 671 are suitable for salt affected soils. Immediately after covering the setts water is let into furrows. Planting of sugarcane involves unit operations like harvesting and detrashing seed cane, preparation of seed, and placement of the planting material into well prepared seedbed. Methods for planting sugarcane seed are provided to achieve high sugarcane plant densities per unit area. Sugarcane germination as well as yield is affected. A new method of sugarcane cultivation is called pit method or ring pit method, which is costeffective and at the same time helps farmers get a higher. Sugarcane growers are constantly faced with managing a diverse and constantly changing complex of diseases. Irrigation is very crucial in sugarcane cultivation as this crop demands abundant water at various stages. Unesco eolss sample chapters soils, plant growth and crop production vol. Good sugarcane borer control helps to reduce damage by stalk rots following planting and helps to increase stands. At sugarcane breeding institute, an improved manually operated bud chipping machine was fabricated.

Stalk sections, called billets, setts, or seed piecescontaining one or more budsare usually planted in late summer, rooting and developing into. The methods include providing sugarcane seed pieces in an appropriate length, preparing the soil for planting the sugarcane seed by creating rows of wide furrows or wide seedbeds, placing the sugarcane seed on the prepared soil in a random orientation to form a layer of sugarcane seed or. Increasing productivity of sugarcane by ring pit method of. Total recoverable sugar trs was similar for most of the plantings except for the 8 lbston increase for the wholestalk method in october 2000 table 1. Billet and wholestalk planting methods were compared at three planting.

Planting healthy seedcane also means using cane for seed that has low levels of damage caused by the sugarcane borer. Short crop nursery crop selection fo proper planting months for raising nursery crop in relation to main field planting. A,l nursery raised from sugarcane bud chips and planting them in main field was found to be more economical than traditional methods for seed increase. It is now widely accepted that india is the original home of saccharum species. Triple row planting may be suitable and efficient planting system in saving water and reduce lodging due to. Sugarcane in intercropping system, journal of plant sciences 2, 12051208. In a comparative study of two different methods of wide row planting, the dual row system gave a cane yield of 6. In india, sugarcane is used to produce sugar, jaggery and alcoholic beverages.

Sugar cane has stout jointed fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six meters 6 to 19 feet tall. Sugarcane planting r ecommendations for louisiana sugarcane producers the success of a sugarcane farming operation depends on the ability to produce good stands of plant cane and maintain suitable stands for stubble crops. About twothirds of the total sugarcane produced in india is consumed for making gur and khandsari and only one third of it goes to sugar factories. The ndvi change rate model was used to identify the sugarcane planting information in different time phases of 1 d, 129 d, 145 d, 193 d and 209 d in spring and summer, and the overall accuracy was 92. Nov 12, 2008 sugarcane planting methods devanshu srivastava. Dec 18, 2015 the top contains, however, many buds and a good supply of nutrients, which makes it valuable as seed cane for planting. Sugarcane in louisiana is a perennial crop which provides for three or more years of harvest before being replanted. Sugarcane belongs to bamboo family of plants and is indigenous to india.

Sugar cane is planted in ruts on its side in the fall. From the arrival of sugarcane in brazil passing through the sectors sustainability programs, the consolidation of the flexfuel technology, the emergence of bioplastics as well as airplanes powered by ethanol, the tool. Sep 22, 2017 references modern agriculture methods raise sugarcane production in up. These in turn sprout, creating clones which are genetically identical to the mother plant. Stem cuttings or sections of the stalks are called setts or seed pieces.

Basically, there are 4 planting methods in sugarcane farming which are described below. The cuttings are either planted in soil or may be rooted in water. Promoting farmbased methods to improve the water productivity. The methods include providing sugarcane seed pieces in an appropriate length, preparing the soil for planting the sugarcane seed by creating rows of wide furrows 11 or wide seedbeds, placing the sugarcane seed on the prepared soil in a random orientation to form a layer of sugarcane seed. Most of the worlds sugarcane is grown in subtropical and tropical areas. A new method of sugarcane cultivation is called pit method or ring pit method, which is costeffective and at the same time helps farmers get a higher yield is slowly catching on.

Threerow multipurpose sugarcane cutter planter, ground wheel driven, was developed for planting of sugarcane which performs all operations involved in cane planting at a spacing of 75 cm. Saccharum barberi and polynesian group of island especially new guinea is the centre of origin. Mosaic is a disease that was responsible for the near collapse of the industry at the beginning of the 20 th century. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss sugar cane is a perennial grass that thrives well in tropical and frostfree warm. Introduction to growing sugarcane smart fertilizer. It has effective capacity of planting of one ha in 3. Cultivation of sugarcane in india dates back to the vedic period. In this method, shallow 810 centimeters deep furrows are opened with a local plough or cultivator at a distance of 75 to 90 centimeter. However, growing sugarcane is not a hardworking job but it requires good care and management while sugarcane farming to produce optimum since this crop is very susceptible to the climate conditions, type of soil, manure and fertilizers, the way of.

Sugarcane germination as well as yield is affected by planting material, layout, plantpopulation, method of. Ii growth and production of sugarcane willy verheye encyclopedia of life support systems eolss sugar cane is a perennial grass that thrives well in tropical and frostfree warm temperate areas. The most important cause is conventional planting methodgeometry 4. Expert system for sugarcane tamil nadu agricultural university. Sugarcane being a long duration crop produces huge amount of biomass, and requires large quantity of water 11002200 mm and is mostly grown as an irrigated crop using surface irrigation. Planting in this season has advantages such as productivity and also the fact of not spending a year with no harvest, like the oneandahalfyear sugarcane.

This is the most common method of sugarcane planting followed in maharashtra. Wholestalk plantings in august produced sugar yields that were 1. Identification of sugarcane with ndvi time series based on hj. Mar 07, 2015 whenever soil turning is desired, a moldboard plow should be used in sugarcane farming. Planting of sugarcane at row pacing of 75 and 90 cm being at. Planting should always be initiated early in the morning to limit stress on the date plantlets and also to allow suffi cient time for adaptation from the plastic bag to the soil. However, furrow method is one of the popular methods followed in sugarcane cultivation. Moreover, choice of sugarcane varieties, planting methods and distance, time of planting. Sugarcane trench method planting linkedin slideshare. Maximizing sugarcane yield through efficient planting. Pdf planting is the most important and labour intensive operation in sugarcane cultivation. Planting method and planting date effects on cane yield, theoretical.

Bags are to be removed with care and the plant, with most of its surrounding substrate, to be planted carefully. The following modern planting methods can be used for commercial cultivation of. Whenever soil turning is desired, a moldboard plow should be used in sugarcane farming. Effect of different planting methods of soybean in an. Identification of sugarcane with ndvi time series based on. Adopt similar production techniques for raising short crop with the following modifications. This manual has been produced as part of the icrisatwwf project producing more food grain with less water. There are several factors involved in yield stagnation at farmers field. Economic assessment of sugarcane saccharum officinarum. Sugarcane is vegetatively propagated for commercial cultivation. For commercial sugarcane farming, first weeding should be done after about one month of planting setts on the fields. This report provides estimates of allocated sugarcane planting costs applicable to the 2015 crop year. Sugarcane crop was planted in three planting geometry methods, viz.

Charaka wrote the oldest treatise extant on hindu medicine, at about the beginning of the christian era. Moreover, choice of sugarcane varieties, planting methods and distance, time of planting, methods of irrigation and frequency of irrigations required, fertilizer management and integrated. Sugarcane farming process, profit little about sugarcane production. Wo2002017704a1 methods of planting sugarcane seed to. The furrows are covered with 56 cm soil, leaving upper portion of furrows unfilled. It can be grown both as rainfed and irrigated crop in most of the tropics. The sections of the stalk of immature cane used for planting are known as seed cane, or cane sets, and have two or more buds eyes, usually three. Several farm trials have proved that by adopting this method, the yield can be increased to two or three times compared to the normal rowtorow planting technique. This new interactive multimedia tool is a timeline that shows the successful story of the brazilian sugarcane sector and its major contributions to a more sustainable future. In plant crop, variety co 94005 recorded the highest cane yield under dual row planting. In maharashtra, sugarcane is planted at three different times as given below. During water scarcity periods, mulching and drip irrigation, alternate furrow irrigation methods should be followed for better utilization of water sources. It requires high temperatures, plenty of sunlight, large quantities of.

Planting costs associated with sugarcane are generally allocated over the years of harvest. Sugarcane farming guide,cultivation for beginners agri. Increase productivity of sugarcane by trench method. Economic assessment of sugarcane saccharum officinarum l. Us67120b2 methods of planting sugarcane seed to achieve a. Because the sugarcane plants are multispecies, using seeds for propagation would result in plants that differ from the mother plant.

Propagating a sugarcane how to propagate sugarcane plants. Short crop nursery crop selection fo proper planting months for raising nursery crop. The actual digging of the hole is one of the last actions before planting takes place, but it must be emphasised that this is not the fi nal preparation for the planting operation itself. Planting is usually the most expensive procedure in the growing season. In this method furrows are made with a sugarcane ridger about 1015 cm deep in northern india and about 20 cm in south india. Sustainable sugarcane initiative ssi improving sugarcane cultivation in india training manual march 2009 acknowledgment. Sugarcane is grown chiefly in the main season december may in the entire state. Winter sugarcane yields approximately the same as oneandahalfyear sugarcane due to the fact that the plant vegetates for about 1415 months. In this method, shallow 810 cm deep furrows are opened with a local plough or cultivator at a distance of 75 to 90 cm. Sugarcane is planted by three methods in different parts of india. M 1 mega pit 150cmx150cm, spacing, 30cm depth,15 settling per pit, m 2 small pit 120cmx 60cm spacing 30cm depth with three settlings per pit, m 3 trench method. Sugarcane is also one the most grown commercial crop, all over the world. The glossary of sanskrit names in this work denotes an intimate knowledge with the various forms.

Sugarcane is vegetatively or clonally propagated, in order to ensure consistent cultivar characteristics. Sugarcane cultivation information guide asia farming. For rainfed crop, the field should be prepared at least 2 to 3 months in advance of monsoons. How to produce healthy seed material and improve planting for. Increase productivity of sugarcane by trench method planting. In the united states, sugarcane is grown commercially in florida, hawaii, louisiana, and texas. The plant is also grown for biofuel production, especially in brazil, as the canes. Planting resistant varieties is the most effective method of control. Brazil uses sugarcane to produce sugar and ethanol for gasolineethanol blends gasohol, a locally popular transportation fuel. Growing sugarcane and cultivation practices kisan central. Sugarcane germination as well as yield is affected by planting material, layout, plant population, method of. As sugarcanes are all hybrids, sugarcane planting is done using stalks garnered from a favorable species mother plant.